乾隆帝巡幸活动下圆明园营建路径探析

On the Construction Route of Yuanmingyuan under Emperor Qianlong’s Touring System

[目的]乾隆时期,清朝进入全盛,经济富足、文化繁荣、军事强盛、社会稳定,乾隆帝不仅推动了以圆明园为代表的大型皇家园林的营建工程,也开展了多次南巡、西巡、北狩、东巡等活动,并将其看中的美景在圆明园内进行大量"写仿"。通过分析乾隆帝的数次巡幸活动,可帮助理清圆明园的营建路径。[方法]通过查阅乾隆帝巡幸活动的文献和圆明园的相关史料,分析乾隆帝是怎样将天下美景"移天缩地"到圆明园中的。[结论]"天上人间诸景备,移天缩地在君怀",乾隆帝将其巡幸活动中遇到的美景以"写仿"的形式在圆明园中再现,营造出一座美轮美奂、宛若人间仙境的圆明园,乾隆帝的巡幸活动有力地推进了圆明园的营建。

During the Qianlong period, the Qing Dynasty entered its heyday, with a prosperous economy, a prosperous culture, a strong military and a stable society. Emperor Qianlong not only promoted the construction of a large-scale imperial garden represented by the Yuanmingyuan Garden, it is necessary to explore the relationship between Emperor Qianlong’s touring activities and the construction of the Yuanmingyuan Garden, because it has carried out many activities such as touring in the south, touring in the West, touring in the north and touring in the east. By consulting the documents of Emperor Qianlong’s touring activities and the historical materials of Yuanmingyuan, the author analyzes how Emperor Qianlong moved the beautiful scenery of the world to the Yuanmingyuan.The Emperor Qianlong recreated the beautiful scenery in the Yuanmingyuan Garden in the form of “Writing imitations”, creating a beautiful Yuanmingyuan Garden, which was like a fairyland on earth, therefore,Emperor Qianlong’s touring activities effectively promoted the construction of Yuanmingyuan.