蒸汽爆破耦合超微粉碎技术对灵芝子实体粉体品质及理化特性的影响

Effect of Steam Explosion Coupled Ultrafine Grinding Technology on the Powder Quality and Physical and Chemical Properties of Ganoderma Lucidum Fruit Body

为明确灵芝子实体超微粉体适宜加工形式,进一步拓展其应用范围。选取超微粉碎时间5、10、15、18、20、25 min及蒸汽爆破预处理耦合超微粉碎18 min,研究不同加工处理对灵芝子实体品质及理化特性的影响。结果表明:经气爆耦合超微粉碎处理粉体的多糖溶出率最高,达到0.54 g/100 g,较超微粉碎单一处理提高39.43%,较普通粗粉碎提高32.8倍;超微粉碎时间18 min以内时,粉体色泽较好;蒸汽爆破预处理有利于降低粉体粒径和增大比表面积;经超微粉碎20 min处理松密度最大,达到0.59 g/mL;经超微粉碎5 min处理堆积密度最大,为1.8 mL/g;经气爆耦合超微粉碎处理粉体的水溶性指数最高,为14.3%;经气爆耦合超微粉碎处理粉体的DPPH自由基清除能力损失最少,仍可达到76.36%。经蒸汽爆破耦合超微粉碎18 min处理的粉体适宜作为功能原料进行速溶茶饮等各类食品加工,经超微粉碎20 min处理的粉体适宜胶囊剂等产品加工,经超微粉碎5 min处理的粉体更利于片剂产品生产。

In order to clarify the suitable processing form of the superfine powder of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body,and further expand its application range.The ultrafine grinding time parameters of 5 min,10 min,15 min,18 min,20 min,25 min and steam explosion pretreatment coupled with ultrafine grinding 18 min were selected to study the effects of different processing treatments on the powder quality and physical and chemical properties of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies.The results show that the polysaccharide dissolution rate of the powder after the gas explosion coupled ultrafine grinding treatment was the highest,reaching 0.54 g/100 g,which was 39.43% higher than the single ultrafine grinding treatment,and 32.8 times higher than the ordinary coarse grinding;when the ultrafine grinding time was less than 18 min,the color of the powder was better;the steam explosion pretreatment was beneficial to reduce the particle size of the powder and increase the specific surface area;the bulk density was the largest after 20 min treatment,reaching 0.59 g/mL;the stacking density was the largest after 5 min treatment,1.8 mL/g;The water solubility index of the powder treated by gas explosion coupled ultrafine pulverization was the highest,which was 14.3%;the DPPH radical scavenging ability loss of the powder treated by gas explosion coupled ultrafine pulverization was the least,which can still reach 76.36%.The powder treated by steam explosion coupled with superfine grinding for 18 minutes was suitable as a functional raw material for instant tea and other food processing.The powder treated by superfine 20 min is suitable for capsule and other product processing.The powder treated by superfine 5 min was more.conducive to the production of tablet products.