国有博物馆藏品征集的瓶颈问题与建议

Bottleneck Problems and Suggestions on the Museum Acquisition and Donation of the State—Owned Museum

博物馆藏品征集工作是开展其他业务工作的重要基础。随着文物博物馆事业发展,购买、接受捐赠逐渐成为博物馆藏品征集的主要途径,而博物馆也开始注重"为明天而收藏今天"。然而,藏品征集实践工作中存在着文物来源的合法性较难把握;新征集藏品不能得到及时、有效利用;捐赠者享受税收优惠政策落地困难等瓶颈问题。博物馆应依据宗旨及藏品情况,制定收藏政策及中长期计划、年度计划;与考古、公安、海关等部门积极沟通,并充分发挥社会力量作用,拓宽藏品来源渠道;建立合理合规的藏品征集程序;征集实施部门应将征集过程所有原始资料整理归档,永久保管。

The acquisition and donation task is the foundation of other all museum tasks.Along with the development of museum services,acquisition and donation gradually become the major way for the museum to increase its collections.The museum also starts to focus on“collecting today for tomorrow”.However,bottleneck problems often occur to the practice of museum acquisitions and donations.It is difficult to assure the legitimacy of cultural relic source.The new collected objects cannot be effectively used immediately.The implementation of the favorable tax policy acquired by the donator also meets with many difficulties.The museum should make its collection policy,medium and long-term plan and annual plan according to its mission and collection condition.Positive contact should be established with departments such as archaeology,public security,and the customs to broaden the channel of acquisition and donation source.Social forces also should be put into full play in the practice.Rational procedures with compliance of acquisition and donation should be adopted correspondingly.The department in charge of the acquisition and donation task should archive all the original files and make permanent records.