摘要
论文基于湘东、湘南等四地调查数据,从风险偏好、保费可承担约束视角对家庭农场收入保险投保决策问题展开研究。结果表明:第一,农业收入保险兼具减产与价格下跌双重风险保障,符合家庭农场风险规避需求。其中,"保费可承担性"客观制约超出"风险偏好"主观感知,很大程度上取决于家庭农场种养殖农事生产与盈利目标关联和规模化发展水平。第二,家庭农场是以家庭为单位的群体性生产活动,但投保决策多为农场主个体行为,家庭成员风险偏好对决策优选排序较少产生影响,应当与家庭成员利益目标一致有关。第三,全农场收入保险具备"一揽子保险"合约特征,为家庭农场险种安排首选,且以种养殖兼营型农场"确定性决策"表征最为明显。第四,家庭农场存在"决策偏好逆转",与理性选择公理一般逻辑不相符。该"决策论"悖论多发生于价格敏感型农产品经营农场、曾遭遇巨灾损失农场等情形,且受农村社区信息传播影响较大。在政策指导上,可率先从规模化、商品化程度较高家庭农场试点推广,重点关注农场主风险偏好与投保决策取向,且利用农村社会血缘、地缘关系强化保险认知与险种计划合理安排。除此之外,在顶层设计上应有步骤地将收入保险纳入财政支持范畴,享受保费政策性补贴公平待遇。
Based on the survey data from four regions including eastern Hunan and southern Hunan, this paper studies the decision-making of family revenue insurance for family farms from the perspective of risk preference and insurance expense affordability. The results show that:(1) Agricultural revenue insurance provides protection against both the risks of crop failure and price decline, which meets the risk aversion demand of family farms. The objective restriction of “risk expense affordability” surmounts the subjective perception of “risk preference”, which depends largely on the correlation between farming production and profit targets of family farms, as well as the scale development level.(2) Family farms engage in family-based group production activities, while insurance decision-making in most cases is the individual behavior of the farm leader, so the priority in such decision-making is little related to the risk preference of family members, but should be consistent with the interests of family members.(3) Provided with the characteristics of a “package insurance” contract, farm-wide revenue insurance is the first choice for family farm insurance arrangement, especially represented by the “certainty decision” of planting and breading farms.(4) There is “decision preference reversal” in the case of family farms, which is inconsistent with the general logic in the principle of rational choice. The paradox of “decision-making theory” mostly arise with farms which deal in price-sensitive agricultural products and have suffered catastrophic losses, and is greatly related to information dissemination in rural communities. Therefore, in terms of policy guidance, large-scale and highly commercialized family farms can be firstly targeted in pilot program-based promotion, with the focus on the risk preference and insurance decision-making orientation of the farm leader. At the same time, insurance awareness and reasonable arrangement for insurance programs can be made by taking advantage of the consanguinity and geographical relationship of rural society. Furthermore, in the top-level design, revenue insurance should be included in the scope of financial support systematically for an exposure to fair policy-based subsidies of insurance expenses.
作者
黄日华
李朝晖
HUANG Ri-hua;LI Chao-hui
出处
《农村金融研究》
2021年第12期28-34,共7页
Rural Finance Research
关键词
农业收入保险
投保决策
家庭农场
风险偏好
保费可承担性
Agricultural Revenue Insurance
Insurance Decision-Making
Family Farm
Risk Preference
Insurance Expense Affordability