锦州市春季大气PM_(2.5)中元素特征及来源解析

Characteristics and Sources of Elements in PM_(2.5)during Spring in Jinzhou

为了解锦州市春季大气PM_(2.5)中元素的特征和来源,于2018年4月在锦州市5个点位采集大气PM_(2.5)样品,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICPOES)测定样品中的15种元素,对PM_(2.5)中的元素进行了浓度特征及富集因子分析,并运用主成分分析对其进行来源解析.结果表明,锦州市春季PM;浓度为(98.85±63.23)μg·m^(-3);元素Al、Mg、Ca、Fe、Na、K、Zn的浓度较高,这7种元素之和占锦州市PM_(2.5)中所分析元素总浓度的98.60%以上;富集因子结果表明,元素Cd、Zn、Pb、As、Cu的富集程度较高,主要受到燃煤、移动源、金属冶炼、垃圾焚烧等人为源的共同影响.主成分分析结果表明锦州市春季PM_(2.5)中元素主要来源于钢铁冶炼等金属活动排放的工业源、移动源、扬尘源、燃煤源以及垃圾燃烧源.

In order to investigate the characteristics and sources of the elements in PM_(2.5)during spring of Jinzhou, PM_(2.5)samples were collected in April 2018 and 15 elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES), the pollution characteristics and enrichment factors of elements were analyzed and the source of elements was analyzed by the principal component analysis.The results showed that the concentration of PM_(2.5)in Jinzhou in spring was(98.85±63.23) μg·m^(-3),Al,Mg, Ca, Fe, Na, K and Zn were the main elements and accounted for 98.60% of the 15 detected elements. The enrichment factor results showed that the enrichment of elements Cd, Zn, Pb, As and Cu is relatively high, mainly originated by anthropogenic sources such as coal combustion, mobile vehicle, metal smelting and waste incineration. Principal component analysis results showed that the main sources of elements in PM;in Jinzhou City were industrial sources emitted by metal activities such as iron and steel smelting, mobile vehicles, fugitive dust sources, coal combustion, and waste incineration.