烟花爆竹燃放对三亚市空气质量的影响分析

Influence of burning fireworks on air quality in Sanya City

基于常规污染物浓度、气象观测资料、PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子和OC/EC的化学组分数据,分析了2018年和2019年除夕至初一烟花爆竹燃放对热带城市三亚空气质量的影响,并测算了烟花爆竹燃放对PM_(2.5)浓度和排放量的贡献。结果表明,除夕至初一烟花爆竹燃放会造成PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_(2)浓度和PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子K^(+)、Cl^(−)、Mg^(2+)和SO_(4)^(2-)浓度快速上升。与2018年相比,2019年三亚市实施了烟花爆竹燃放严格管控后空气质量明显改善,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_(2)小时质量浓度峰值分别下降46.19%、52.50%和84.52%,烟花爆竹燃放对PM_(2.5)小时质量浓度峰值贡献量下降50.77%,除夕至初一24小时平均时段PM_(2.5)排放量由2.21×10^(3) kg降低为1.45×10^(3) kg。

Based on concentrations of air pollutants,meteorological data,the chemical compositions data of water soluble ions and OC/EC in PM_(2.5) in the tropical city of Sanya,the impact of fireworks on the air quality from New Year’s Eve to Lunar New Year’s Day in 2018 and 2019 was analyzed.Moreover,concentrations and emissions increase of PM_(2.5) due to the fireworks was evaluated.The results indicated that the fireworks caused the rapid rise of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_(2) and K^(+),Cl^(−),Mg^(2+),SO_(4)^(2-)in PM_(2.5).Fireworks prohibition in 2019 noticeably improved air quality in Sanya in 2019 compared with 2018.The highest 1-hour average mass concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5) and SO_(2) decreased by 46.19%,52.50% and 84.52% in 2019,respectively.In addition,the contribution of 1-hour average fireworks-related PM_(2.5) mass concentration decreased by 50.55%,and the 24-hour average fireworks-related PM_(2.5) emissions from New Year’s Eve to Lunar New Year’s Day decreased from 2.21×10^(3) kg in 2018 to 1.45×10^(3) kg in 2019.