基于结构方程模型的儿科护士转岗倾向现状及其影响因素研究

Current status and influencing factors of pediatric nurses'transfer tendency based on structural equation model

目的探讨儿科护士的转岗倾向现状及其影响因素,为降低儿科护士转岗倾向提供依据。方法本研究为横断面调查研究。于2020年7—8月采用方便抽样法选取河南省3所三级甲等医院的儿科护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、护士转岗倾向量表、工作-家庭冲突量表、护士职业倦怠问卷进行调查,采用结构方程分析儿科护士转岗倾向的影响因素。共回收问卷747份,有效问卷728份,有效回收率为97.46%。结果728名儿科护士转岗倾向量表得分为(11.64±2.24)分,工作-家庭冲突量表得分为(52.92±10.08)分,护士职业倦怠量表得分为(62.48±19.14)分。结构方程模型显示,工作-家庭冲突和职业倦怠对转岗倾向有直接效应,子女个数通过工作-家庭冲突对转岗倾向有直接和间接效应,护患纠纷和每月夜班频次通过职业倦怠对转岗倾向有直接和间接效应(P<0.05)。结论儿科护士转岗倾向较高,子女个数、护患纠纷、每月夜班频次、工作-家庭冲突、职业倦怠对转岗倾向产生直接或间接的影响。护理管理者应优化人员配置,改善工作环境,降低儿科护士转岗倾向。

Objective To explore the current status of pediatric nurses'transfer tendency and its influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for reducing pediatric nurses'transfer tendency.Methods This research conducted the cross-sectional survey.From July to August 2020,convenience sampling was used to select pediatric nurses from 3 ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in Henan Province as the research object.The General Information Questionnaire,Nurse Transfer Tendency Scale,Work-Family Conflict Scale,and Job Burnout Inventory in Nurses were used for investigation.The structural equation was used to analyze the influencing factors of pediatric nurses'transfer tendency.A total of 747 questionnaires were returned including 728 valid questionnaires with the valid response rate of 97.46%.Results Among 728 pediatric nurses,the score of Nurse Transfer Propensity Scale was(11.64±2.24),and the score of Work-Family Conflict Scale was(52.92±10.08),and the score of Job Burnout Scale in Nurses was(62.48±19.14).The structural equation model showed that work-family conflict and job burnout had a direct effect on the transfer tendency(P<0.05),and the number of children had direct and indirect effects on the tendency to transfer through work-family conflicts(P<0.05),and nurse-patient disputes and monthly night shift frequency had direct and indirect effects on the tendency to transfer through job burnout(P<0.05).Conclusions Pediatric nurses have a high level of transfer tendency.The number of children,nurse-patient disputes,monthly night shift frequency,work-family conflicts,and job burnout have direct or indirect effects on the transfer tendency.Nursing managers should optimize staffing,improve the working environment,and reduce pediatric nurses'transfer tendency.