赤道几内亚早产儿窒息危险因素的Logistic回归分析

Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk Factors of Asphyxia in Premature Infants in Equatorial Guinea

目的:探讨影响赤道几内亚(赤几)早产儿窒息的相关危险因素。方法:回顾性收集2018年1月-2019年1月赤几马拉博医院妇产科分娩的110例早产儿的临床资料,根据其产时的Apgar评分,将其分为窒息组(68例)与非窒息组(42例)。收集整理两组临床资料(基本资料、围产因素和产妇因素),针对导致赤几早产儿窒息的相关因素作单因素分析及Logistic回归分析。结果:两组胎龄、出生体重、第二产程延长、羊水异常、胎盘异常、宫内窘迫、胎膜早破、产妇年龄、生育频次、存在妊娠期合并症、规律产检比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,低胎龄、低出生体重、宫内窘迫、产妇年龄较低和存在妊娠合并症是影响早产儿窒息的危险因素,规律产检是其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:赤几早产儿窒息发生率较高,新生儿胎龄越小、出生体重越轻、产妇年龄越低、合并宫内窘迫和妊娠期合并症等早产儿窒息发生率越高,预后越差;规律产检、适当增加分娩孕周可降低早产儿窒息发生率,改善预后。

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of asphyxia in premature infants in Equatorial Guinea.Method:Clinical data of 110 premature infants delivered in the department of gynaecology and obstetrics at Equatorial Guinea Malabo Hospital from January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively collected.According to the Apgar score at birth,they were divided into asphyxia group(68 cases)and non-asphyxia group(42 cases).The clinical data(basic data,perinatal factors and maternal factors)of the two groups were collected,and univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis were conducted for the related factors leading to the asphyxia in premature infants in Equatorial Guinea.Result:There were significant differences in gestational age,birth weight,prolonged second stage of labor,abnormal amniotic fluid,abnormal placenta,intrauterine distress,premature rupture of membranes,maternal age,birth frequency,presence of complications during pregnancy,and regular birth tests between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that low gestational age,low birth weight,intrauterine distress,lower maternal age,and presence of complications during pregnancy were risk factors of asphyxia in premature infants,while regular birth tests was protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of asphyxia in premature infants in Equatorial Guinea is higher.The younger the gestational age,the lower the birth weight,the younger the maternal age,the complications of intrauterine distress and pregnancy,the higher the incidence of asphyxia in premature infants and the worse the prognosis.Regular birth tests and appropriate increase of gestational age can reduce the incidence of asphyxia in premature infants and improve the prognosis.