鼻胃管管饲法和间歇性经口至胃管饲法对高龄吞咽功能障碍患者吞咽功能及营养状况的影响

Effects of Nasogastric Tube Feeding and Intermittent Oral to Gastric Tube Feeding on Swallowing Function and Nutritional Status of Elderly Patients with Dysphagia

目的:探讨鼻胃管管饲法和间歇性经口至胃管饲法对高龄吞咽功能障碍患者吞咽功能及营养状况的影响。方法:选取2019年7月-2020年12月东莞市石排医院收治的72例高龄吞咽功能障碍患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组36例。对照组采用鼻胃管管饲法,观察组采用间歇性经口至胃管饲法。比较两组临床疗效、营养状况、吞咽功能、并发症发生情况。结果:干预后,观察组总有效率为91.67%,高于对照组的72.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组血红蛋白、白蛋白、总蛋白水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组标准吞咽功能评估表(SSA)评分低于对照组,藤岛一郎吞咽困难分级量表评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为8.33%,低于对照组的27.78%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:间歇性经口至胃管饲法能提高临床疗效,改善营养状态,提高吞咽功能,减少并发症发生。

Objective:To investigate the effect of nasogastric tube feeding and intermittent oral to gastric tube feeding on swallowing function and nutritional status of elderly patients with dysphagia.Method:A total of 72 elderly patients with dysphagia who were admitted to Shipai Hospital of Dongguan from July 2019 to December 2020 were selected,they were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,36 cases in each group.The control group was treated with nasogastric tube feeding method,and observation group was treated with intermittent oral to gastric tube feeding.The clinical efficacy,nutritional status,swallowing function and complications were compared between two groups.Result:After intervention,the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.67%,which was higher than 72.22% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of hemoglobin,albumin and total protein of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The standardized swallowing assessment (SSA) score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the score of the Fujima Ichiro dysphagia scale of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The incidence of complications of the observation group was 8.33%,which was lower than 27.78% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:Intermittent oral to gastric tube feeding can improve clinical efficacy,improve nutritional status,improve swallowing function and reduce complications.