123例单胎妊娠死胎原因分析

Causes of Fetal Death in 123 Singleton Pregnancies

目的探讨死胎发生的原因,为临床预防死胎、降低死胎发生率提供一定依据。方法使用郑州大学第一附属医院电子病历管理系统检索2019年1月1日至2021年7月1日于产科住院且出院诊断包含死胎的病例,共检索出123例。回顾性分析其临床资料,包括年龄、体质量、死胎发生时的孕周、妊娠次数、流产次数、既往死胎病史、孕妇合并症等。详细查看患者病历资料后找出最可能导致死胎的原因。结果母体因素导致死胎46例,脐带因素导致死胎39例,胎儿及羊水因素导致死胎15例,胎盘因素导致死胎9例,不明原因死胎14例。结论死胎原因复杂,母体因素及脐带因素为导致死胎的主要原因,加强妊娠期母体健康监测、关注胎动异常可能有利于预防死胎。

Objective To investigate the causes of fetal death,and to provide a basis for clinical prevention of fetal death and reduction of the incidence of fetal death.Methods The electronic medical record management system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University was used to retrieve the cases hospitalized in the department of obstetrics from January 1,2019 to July 1,2021,and a total of 123 cases with discharge diagnosis including fetal death were retrieved.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed,including age,body weight,gestational age at the time of fetal death,number of pregnancies,number of miscarriages,previous medical history of fetal death,and maternal comorbidities.The patients’medical records were reviewed in detail to identify the most likely cause of fetal death.Results There were 46 cases of fetal death caused by maternal factors,39 caused by umbilical cord factors,15 caused by fetal and amniotic fluid factors,9 caused by placental factors,and 14 caused by unknown reasons.Conclusion The causes of fetal death are complex.Maternal factors and umbilical cord factors are the main causes.Strengthening maternal health monitoring during pregnancy and paying attention to abnormal fetal movement may help prevent death of embryo.