多级孔金属-有机骨架材料在多相催化方面的研究进展

Application of hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks in heterogeneous catalysis:A review

兼具微孔、介孔和大孔结构的多级孔金属-有机骨架(H-MOFs)是近年来发展迅猛的一类多孔晶体材料,在诸多领域尤其是多相催化方面具有广泛的应用前景.本文综述了近年来H-MOFs在多相催化领域的研究进展,包括氧化反应、加氢反应和缩合反应等.重点介绍了H-MOFs多级孔结构的多功能性,以及其工业适用性,如催化活性、选择性、稳定性等.最后展望了H-MOFs在多相催化领域的应用前景、面临的挑战以及待解决的问题.

Hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks(H-MOFs)with micro-,meso-and macropores have emerged as a popular class of crystalline porous materials that have attracted extensive interests,and they have been studied in diverse applications,especially in heterogeneous catalysis.The hierarchical structures enable sufficient diffusion and accessibility to the active sites of the molecules and permit the encapsulation of catalytic guest molecules to exploit more possibilities with enhanced catalytic performance.In this review,we have summarized the recent representative developments of H-MOFs in the field of heterogeneous catalysis,which includes oxidation reaction,hydrogenation reaction,and condensation reaction.Emphasis is placed on the multiple functions of hierarchical structures,and the catalytic activity,selectivity,stability,recyclability,etc.of the industrial utility of H-MOFs.Finally,the prospects and challenges of H-MOFs in heterogeneous catalysis and the remaining issues in this field are presented.