黄淮海玉米自交系氮利用效率相关性状分析

Analysis of Related Traits of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Maize Inbred Lines of Huanghuaihai

为了阐明不同玉米自交系间氮效率差异特征,筛选优异的氮高效种质,改良玉米的氮素利用效率,为玉米氮高效育种方面的研究奠定基础。以平均产量和氮效率为评价指标并结合抽雄期、散粉期、成熟期、株高、穗位等二级性状,对25份目前在黄淮海应用的核心种质和自育玉米自交系材料进行相关性分析及氮利用效率评价。相关性分析结果表明,氮效率在2种不同的氮处理条件下与散粉-吐丝间隔期、平均产量都呈极显著正相关,与株高分别呈显著和极显著正相关,即3个性状可作为评价玉米自交系材料氮效率高低的指标。方差分析结果显示,在低氮和高氮条件下,散粉-吐丝间隔期、平均产量及株高均存在极显著的差异。将高氮条件与低氮条件下的平均产量进行分析并结合株高和散粉-吐丝间隔期等二级性状,鉴定出郑58、WK858和9058这3个玉米自交系材料可在氮高效育种中作为供体亲本来改良玉米的氮素利用效率。丰富了氮高效种质资源,评价了不同玉米材料的氮素利用效率,揭示了不同材料对氮素的反应程度,为氮高效育种提供材料以及自交系的选育和合理的利用肥料提供理论基础和技术支撑。

In order to clarify the characteristics of nitrogen efficiency differences among different maize inbred lines,select excellent nitrogen efficient germplasm,improve the nitrogen use efficiency of maize,and lay the foundation for the research of maize nitrogen efficient breeding.Average yield and nitrogen efficiency as the evaluation index,and combined with second level traits such as tasselling stage,anthesis stage,maturity stage,plant height,ear position to calculate correlation among traits and investigate the nitrogen use efficiency of 25 maize inbred lines,which were core germplasm or self-breeding maize inbred line materials used in Huanghuaihai.Correlation analysis results showed that ASI and average yield were extremely significantly positively correlated to nitrogen efficiency in two treatments.Plant height was significantly correlated to nitrogen efficiency in low nitrogen and extremely significantly positively correlated in high nitrogen conditions.The three traits could be used as indicators for evaluating the nitrogen efficiency of maize inbred lines.The results of analysis of variance showed that the ASI,average yield and plant height were significantly difference in genotype and nitrogen supply environment under low and high nitrogen conditions.Based on analyzing the average yield,ASI and plant height of maize inbred lines under high and low nitrogen conditions,three maize inbred lines such as Zheng 58,WK858 and 9058 were identified as donor parents improving the nitrogen use efficiency of maize.This study enriched the nitrogen-efficient germplasm resources,evaluated the nitrogen use efficiency of different maize materials,revealed the degree of response of different materials to nitrogen,provided materials for nitrogen-efficient breeding and theoretical basis and technical support for inbred lines selection and fertilizers rational utilization.