不同盐度、碱度、pH值对瓦氏雅罗鱼精子活力及其受精率的影响

Effects of Different Salinity,Alkalinity and pH Value on Sperm Motility and Fertilization Rate of Amur ide

为了掌握瓦氏雅罗鱼精子活力及其受精率的最适盐度、碱度和pH的范围,通过设置不同NaCl盐度(1‰,2‰,3‰,4‰,5‰,6‰,7‰,8‰)、NaHCO_(3)碱度(10,20,30,40,50,60,70 mmol/L)、pH值(5.0,5.5,6.0,6.5,7.0,7.5,8.0)梯度范围的溶液及淡水对照组(盐度0、碱度0、pH值6.67)激发达里诺尔湖瓦氏雅罗鱼精子活力,观察了不同处理组精子状态,并对其激烈运动时间、快速运动时间及寿命进行了测定,同时测定了受精卵在不同盐度、碱度和pH溶液中的受精率。结果表明:盐度在0~4‰,瓦氏雅罗鱼精子激烈运动、快速运动时间及寿命呈逐渐上升趋势,4‰达到最长;碱度在0~50 mmol/L,精子激烈运动、快速运动时间及寿命随碱度增加而延长,50 mmol/L达到最大;pH值5.0~7.0,精子激烈运动、快速运动时间及寿命随pH值的升高而延长,pH值7.0达到最大;受精率分别在盐度4‰、碱度30 mmol/L、pH值6.5达到最高,不同盐度和碱度组的受精率显著低于淡水对照组。综上,基于对不同盐度、碱度和pH值对瓦氏雅罗鱼精子活力及其受精率的分析结果,建议在开展瓦氏雅罗鱼全人工繁殖及杂交育种过程中,尽量选择盐度在0~4‰,碱度为0~30 mmol/L,pH值6.0~7.0的盐碱水体或淡水中进行,可以获得较高的受精率及苗种成活率。

In order to determine the optimum range of salinity,alkalinity and pH value of sperm motility and fertilization rate of Amur ide.Different NaCl salinity(1‰,2‰,3‰,4‰,5‰,6‰,7‰,8‰),NaHCO_(3) alkalinity(10,20,30,40,50,60,70 mmol/L)and pH value(5.0,5.5,6.0,6.5,7.0,7.5,8.0)were set to stimulate the sperm motility of the Darinor Lake Amur ide.The sperm status of different treatment groups was observed,and the intense movement time,fast movement time and life span of the sperm were measured.Meanwhile,the fertilization rate in different salinity,alkalinity and pH solutions was determined.The results showed as follows.When the salinity ranged from 0 to 4‰,the sperm intense movement,fast movement time and life span increased gradually,and reached the maximum at 4.When the alkalinity was 0-50 mmol/L,the sperm intense movement,fast movement time and life span were prolonged with the increase of alkalinity,and reached the maximum at 50 mmol/L.In the pH value 5.0-7.0,the sperm intense movement,fast movement time and life span increased with the increase of pH,pH value 7.0 reached the maximum.The fertilization rates reached the highest when the salinity was 4‰,the basicity was 30 mmol/L and the pH value was 6.5,respectively.The fertilization rates in different salinity and alkalinity groups were significantly lower than those in the control group.In conclusion,based on the analysis results of different salinity,alkalinity and pH on sperm motility and fertilization rate of Amur ide,it was suggested to select saline-alkali water or fresh water with salinity of 0-4‰,alkalinity of 0-30 mmol/L and pH of 6.0-7.0 in the process of total artificial reproduction and cross breeding of Amur ide.It can obtain higher fertilization rate and seedling survival rate.