元杂剧对古琴文化内涵的重构研究

The Study of Guqin Culture Connotation Reconstructed in Zaju in the Yuan Dynasty

伴随着雅音日渐陵替,元代古琴音乐不复强调其治世化俗的功能,更多的是文人对修身理性的追求。元代杂剧中,"琴"意象在其文化隐喻层面有了较大改变,"琴剑书箱""琴堂"的意象全部指向禄位功名;"月下听琴"模式的建立则体现了元代风浪士子的风流之志;女性琴的塑造又使得古琴音乐更加趋于大众化。可以说,元代杂剧对古琴文化内涵的重构直接影响了明清时期戏曲乃至小说的古琴书写。

With the gradual debility of Chinese classical music, the Gu(ancient)-qin(a seven-stringed plucked instrument)music of the Yuan Dynasty no longer emphasized its function of governing the country or transforming custom, but focused on the literati’s pursuit of self-restraint and rationality. In Zaju(poetic drama set to music) in the Yuan Dynasty, the image of "qin" has changed greatly in its cultural metaphor, which is manifested in the following aspects. Firstly, both the image of "qin-jian-shuxiang" and "qin hall" all referred to the fame of the fluke. Secondly, listening to the Gu-qin music with the moon is established as a mode that reflects the romantic intention of literati of the Yuan Dynasty. Finally, the reshaping of the imageof qin used by female also makes Gu-qin music more popular. It can be said that the reconstruction of the cultural connotation of Gu-qin in the Yuan Dynasty operas directly influenced the writing of Gu-qin in operas and even novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.