论我国自贸区金融监管法制的完善与创新

Improvement and Innovation of the Legal System of Financial Supervision in Free Trade Area in China

自贸区的成立为金融市场创新提供了新环境,也为我国自贸区金融监管法制改革提供了新契机。在立法模式上,应通过中央的自贸区特别立法对自贸区予以明确授权,并引入地方先行先试模式,由自贸区人大常委会制定自贸区金融监管条例。在监管机构及其职权设置上,应由国务院金融稳定发展委员会牵头促进“一行两会”之间、“一行两会”在自贸区的派出机构与自贸区金融监督管理局之间的监管协同,并明确宏观与微观审慎监管、融合目标与功能监管的机构及行为监管、地方金融综合监管等监管职责的分配。在外资准入规则上,应全面落实作为一般性原则的准入前国民待遇与负面清单制度,并强化形式性准入规则与实质性准入规则的协同、准入与事中事后监管的配套。同时应以信息和信用监管为核心强化事中事后监管,加强资本项目开放背景下的反洗钱机制和措施,并以投资者保护基金与强制性商业保险为核心完善投资者权益保护机制。

The establishment of Free Trade Area has provided a new environment for financial market innovation,and a new opportunity for the reform of the financial supervision legal system in China.In the legislative model,the Free Trade Area local government should be explicitly authorized through the free trade area special legislation,and a local first—in—first—trial model should be introduced,and the Standing Committee People’s Congress of the local should formulate financial regulations.In terms of the regulatory body and its authority,the Financial Stability Development Committee of the State Council should take the lead in promoting the regulatory coordination among the People’s Bank of China,China Securities Regulatory Commission,and China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, and fostering the regulatory coordination between their detached agencies in the Free Trade Area and the Provincial Financial Supervision Bureau of the local government.Besides,we should deleg ate regulatory duties such as macro and micro prudential supervision,integration of objectives and functional supervision with institutions and behavioral supervision,and local financial supervision. Regarding the rules of foreign investment admission,the pre-entry national treatment and negative list system as a general principle should be fully implemented.Besides,the coordination between admission and concurrent and post-admission supervision,and the coordination between the nominal and substantive admission rules should be strengthened.At the same time,we should strengthen the concurrent and post-admission supervision with information supervision and credit supervision as the core aneasure, strengthen the anti-money laundering mechanism and measures in the context of capital project opening,and improve the investor rights protection mechanism with the investor protection fund and compulsory commercial insurance as the core approach.