江苏草地贪夜蛾天敌资源调查及其在玉米田控害作用评价

Investigation of the Natural Enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda and Evaluation of Their Control Effect in Maize Fields in Jiangsu Province

江苏省是我国草地贪夜蛾入侵地之一,为明确本地潜在自然天敌资源及其在玉米田的控害作用,2020年8—9月,对江苏省8个市县主要玉米种植区的草地贪夜蛾为害及其天敌资源开展了实地调查和室内饲养观察。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾对各调查点玉米植株的为害率均在50%以上。天敌种类主要有寄生蜂(棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂;姬蜂科1种;小腹茧蜂亚科1种)、病原真菌(白僵菌、绿僵菌、莱氏野村菌)、瓢虫(异色瓢虫、黑襟毛瓢虫),另外还有寄生蝇、细菌、病毒等多种类群。寄生性天敌的寄生率在0%~24.55%,病原微生物的感染率在2.33%~56.41%,表现出良好的防控潜能。江苏玉米田草地贪夜蛾虽然发生为害严重,但也拥有丰富的自然天敌类群,能为利用本地天敌防控草地贪夜蛾提供可靠资源。

Jiangsu Province is one of the invasion areas of Spodoptera frugiperda in China.The local potential natural enemies of S.frugiperda in Jiangsu Province and their control of S.frugiperda in maize fields were investigated during August to September 2020 in the main corn planting areas of 8 cities or counties in Jiangsu Province.The results showed that the infestation rate of S.frugiperda to maize plants was more than 50%in all the survey sites.The main species of natural enemies were parasitic wasps(Campoletis chloride;Microgatrinae;Braconidae),entomopathogenic fungi(Beauveria,Metarhizium,Nomuraea rileyi),and ladybugs(Harmonia axyridis;Scymnus(Neopullus)hoffmanni Weise),and many other species of natural enemies such as parasitic flies,bacteria,and viruses.The parasitism rate of parasitic natural enemy insects was between 0%and 24.55%,and the infection rate of entomopathogenic microorganisms was between 2.33%and 56.41%,which shows high potential for preventing and controlling S.frugiperda.Although the occurrence of S.frugiperda in corn fields in Jiangsu Province is serious,the rich resources of natural enemies can provide reliable prevention and control of S.frugiperda.