数字经济发展与绿色全要素生产率提高

Development of Digital Economy and Improvement of Green Total Factor Productivity

随着数字技术革命的兴起,数字经济日益成为促进中国经济高质量发展的新动能。本文着重关注数字经济的绿色价值,从要素配置扭曲的视角切入,基于2011-2019年中国城市面板数据,实证检验数字经济发展对绿色全要素生产率的效应及作用机制。研究结论显示:数字经济发展通过优化资本配置扭曲,从而提升绿色全要素生产率,但是缓解劳动力配置扭曲的作用机制并不成立;数字经济可以优化南方城市的劳动力和资本配置扭曲,但南方城市绿色全要素生产率的提升主要依靠数字经济的绿色技术创新和节能减排效应,北方城市绿色全要素生产率的提升主要依靠资本要素的优化配置;数字经济显著提升了中心城市的绿色全要素生产率,但其引致的"虹吸效应"阻碍了外围城市绿色全要素生产率的提高;数字经济对绿色全要素生产率具有"结构性"的提升效应,产业数字化和数字产业化的发展是绿色全要素生产率长久提升的动力来源。

With the rise of a new generation of information technology, digital economy has increasingly become a new driving force for China’s high-quality economic development. From the perspective of factor allocation distortion, this paper empirically tests the effect and mechanism of digital economy development on green total factor productivity based on China’s urban panel data from 2011 to 2019.The results show that the development of digital economy can improve green total factor productivity by optimizing the distortion of capital allocation, but the mechanism to alleviate the distortion of labor allocation is not established.Digital economy can alleviate the distortion of labor and capital allocation in southern cities. However, the improvement of green total factor productivity in southern cities mainly depends on the green technology innovation and energy conservation and emission reduction effect of digital economy. The improvement of green total factor productivity in northern cities is mainly through alleviating the distortion of capital factor allocation.Digital economy significantly improves the green total factor productivity of central cities, but the "siphon effect" caused by digital economy hinders the improvement of green total factor productivity of peripheral cities.Digital economy has a structural promotion effect on green total factor productivity. The development of industrial digitization and digital industrialization is the power source for the long-term promotion of green total factor productivity.