四川西南山区乡村聚落空间分布影响因素分析——以德昌县为例

Analysis on Factors Influencing the Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlement in Southwest Mountainous Areas of Sichuan Province:A Case of Dechang County

为科学认识四川省西南山区乡村聚落空间分布的影响因素,选取凉山彝族自治州中部的德昌县为典型研究区,基于由2018年土地利用数据提取的乡村聚落图斑,借助ArcGIS空间分析方法和最小累积阻力模型,分析了海拔、坡度、坡向、河流、交通等因素对乡村聚落空间分布的影响。研究表明:德昌县乡村聚落主要分布在海拔1700m以下、坡度小于15°的区域,58.13%的乡村聚落选择布局在阳坡、半阳坡坡向,乡村聚落具有明显的邻河流与交通干线指向特征。研究结果揭示了影响乡村聚落布局的主要因素,可为制定美丽乡村建设和聚落空间格局优化等措施提供理论依据。

In order to scientifically understand the factors influencing the spatial distribution of rural settlement in the southwest mountainous area of Sichuan province,China,this paper selected Dechang county located at the middle of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture as research area.Based on the rural settlement map extracted from the land use data in2018,the influences of altitude,slopes,aspects,rivers,traffic and other factors on the rural settlement spatial distribution were analyzed with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis approaches and minimum cumulative resistance model.The results showed that the rural settlements in Dechang county are mainly distributed in the area where altitude is less than 1700 meters and a slope of is less than 15 degrees.58.13%of the rural settlements are located at sunny and semi sunny slopes,with obvious characteristics of being close to rivers and traffic trunk lines.This paper revealed the main factors affecting the layout of rural settlements,and provided the theoretical basis and reference for the development of beautiful rural construction and optimization measures of settlement spatial pattern.