全球史视域下的中国共产党法治实践概说

An Introduction to the CPC's Practice of Rule of Law from the Global History Perspective

中国共产党在成立初期便与法治结下不解之缘。1920年代后期有了局部政权之后,中国共产党便以马克思列宁主义的国家观、法律观为指导,结合农村环境,开启了新的法治实践。中国共产党领导下的法治建设,历经新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和建设、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、新时代中国特色社会主义等阶段,形成一整套规则、体制、机制和经验,涉及立法、执法、司法、运行机制、民众参与等诸多领域,在维护中国共产党的领导、国家利益、公民权益和社会秩序等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。中国共产党的法治实践不同于人类历史上已有的法治实践,但又是人类法治实践的重要组成部分,是一种无法忽视的存在。这不仅是由中国的人数、中国目前的经济总量和影响力所决定的,更是由中国共产党法治实践的独特性所决定的。

Since its founding,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has forged an indissoluble bond with the rule of law.After a local political regime was established in the late 1920s,the CPC,guided by the Marxist-Leninist view of the state and law and taking into account the rural conditions,opened a new practice of rule of law.The development of rule of law has gone through the Chinese Soviet Republic period,the new democratic revolution period,the socialist revolution and construction period,and the period of socialism with Chinese characteristics,during which time a set of rules,systems,mechanisms and experience have been formed,involving legislation,law enforcement,justice,operational mechanisms,and public participation.They have played an increasingly important role in safeguarding the leadership of the CPC,the rights and interests of the Chinese people,and social order.With its distinctive characteristics,the CPC's practice of rule of law is quite different from those having existed in the history of mankind,despite being an important part of the rule of law practice of mankind.This is not only determined by the number of Chinese people,China’s current size of economy and influence,but also by the uniqueness of the CPC's rule of law practice.