水下太阳能聚光光伏--海水淡化复合系统研究

Research on Underwater Solar Concentrating Photovoltaic-Membrane Distillation Composite System

开发水下太阳辐射能进行光伏发电和海水淡化,为水下潜航装置提供电能,为远洋工作人员提供淡水,意义重大。为此,本文提出了一种水下太阳能柔性聚光光伏-海水淡化复合系统,它主要由水下柔性聚光器、光伏组件、膜蒸馏海水淡化单元、冷凝腔等组成。其中,水下柔性聚光器为膜壳式空腔,空腔在压差的作用下,变形为球面透镜。仿真分析了焦距、焦斑半径随聚光器变形率的变化关系,结果表明,变形率增大,焦距变短,焦斑半径增大。建立了光伏组件的理论模型,系统的传热传质模型。计算结果表明,系统在浊度为2,深度为1 m的水体中,当太阳辐射强度为1000 W/m^(2)时,输出功率可达5.81 W,电效率为18.5%,产水量可达10.5 g/h,产水效率为21.3%。

To provide electricity and freshwater for underwater devices and ocean-going workers by capturing underwater solar radiation is of great significance.This paper proposes a concentrating photovoltaic-membrane distillation composite system,which is mainly composed of underwater flexible concentrator,solar cells,membrane distillation unit and condensation chamber.The concentrator is a film-shell cavity,which will be deformed into a spherical lens under the action of pressure difference.The variation of focal length and focal spot radius with concentrator’s deformation rate is simulated studied.The results show that when increasing the deformation rate,the focal length becomes shorter and the focal spot radius becomes bigger.Theoretical models of photovoltaic and heat and mass transfer processes were established.The results show that,in the water with turbidity of 2 and depth of 1 m,under the condition of solar radiation of 1000 W/m^(2),the output power of the system can be 5.81 W with efficiency of 18.5%,and water yield can reach 10.5 g/h with efficiency of 21.32%.