建筑结构抗连续性倒塌研究进展与发展趋势

Research progress and development trends on progressive collapse resistance of building structures

偶然荷载作用下结构可能会发生局部破坏而引起大范围或整体结构的连续性倒塌,建筑结构的连续性倒塌已经成为严重威胁公共安全的重要问题和土木工程学科的前沿课题。2001年美国"9·11"世贸大楼倒塌事件后,国内外学者聚焦结构抗连续性倒塌研究,对不同类型结构的倒塌机理、鲁棒性评价及设计方法等进行了深入研究,取得了诸多代表性的成果。简要回顾了"9·11"事件,阐述了国内外近二十年建筑结构抗连续性倒塌研究在试验研究、数值模拟、理论分析及设计方法等方面的主要进展,指出了尚存在的局限于针对单一灾害作用、框架结构形式开展研究;对结构抗连续性倒塌的数值模拟、简化分析方法、改进设计方法等方面的趋势进行了展望,并提出了有待研究的关键科学与技术问题,为完善我国结构抗连续性倒塌设计理论提供参考。

Progressive collapse of structures to a large or whole extent may be triggered by the local failure under accidental loadings.The collapse of building structures has become an important issue that may seriously threaten public security,and it has also become a leading edge in the field of civil engineering,where many representative outcomes have been achieved.After the collapse of the WTC towers in the event of 9·11,domestic and international researchers have focused on progressive collapse of structures by investigating on collapse mechanism,robustness assessment and design methods of different types of structures.In this paper,the 9·11 event was first briefly reviewed.The primary progress in the experimental,numerical,and theoretical studies as well as design methods on the progressive resistance of building structures was then presented.The remaining issues of the existing studies,which have been generally limited to single disaster action and traditional structural forms,were pointed out.The research trends and key scientific and technical problems on numerical modeling,simplified analysis method,improved design method were proposed.This paper aims to provide a reference for the development of design theory of structures against progressive collapse.