广州历史上的新南城及其形成原因探析

New South City in Guangzhou History and Its Formation Reasons

广州历史上的新南城共有两座,一是唐昭宗天祐三年(906年)由时任清海军节度使刘隐所建的南汉新南城,规模较小,大致呈东西长、南北窄的不规则梯形,受政治因素的影响较大,拟唐长安城修建,具有都城性质;另一座是明嘉靖四十四年(1565年)由时任广州提督吴桂芳所筑,其规模数倍于南汉新南城,为左宽右窄的不规则保龄球瓶形,该城修建是为了保护城南区域免遭兵燹之灾,故军事考量是影响明代新南城修筑最主要的因素。此外,经济发展以及自然环境演变也是影响两座新南城修筑的重要因素。

There are two new south cities in Guangzhou history.One was the new south city of the Southern Han Dynasty,which was built in the third year of Tianyou of Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty(906)by Liu Yin,commander of the Qing navy.It was small in scale,roughly an irregular trapezoid and long from east to west and narrow from north to south.It was greatly influenced by political factors,and was designed to be built imitating Chang'an City of the Tang Dynasty,with the role of imperial capital.The other one was built in the 44th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty(1565)by Wu Guifang,navy commander of Guangzhou.It was several times larger than the new south city in Southern Han Dynasty.It was in the shape of an irregular bowling vase,wide on the left and narrow on the right.The purpose of building the city was to protect the southern part of the city from war,so the military factor was the most important factor affecting the construction of the new south city in Ming Dynasty.In addition,the development of the economy and the evolution of the natural environment are also important factors affecting the construction of the two new south cities.