黑龙江省基层医疗卫生人员职业应激现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Occupational Stress Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Primary Medical and Health Personnel in Heilongjiang Province

目的探讨基层医疗卫生人员职业应激现状及影响因素。方法 2020年5—8月,采用分层抽样的方法,抽取黑龙江省7个地市共38家社区卫生服务中心的1 400名基层医疗卫生人员为调查对象,采用工作内容量表进行问卷调查,共收回1 287份有效问卷。结果在1 287名调查对象中职业应激状态检出423人,检出率为32.9%。单因素分析结果显示,职业应激组与非职业应激组相比,在年龄、学历、人员类别、职业类别、编制类型、月均收入等方面的职业应激检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、人员类别、编制类型、月均收入是基层医疗卫生人员职业应激的危险因素。结论基层医疗卫生人员的职业应激存在普遍性,应积极构建合理的人力资源配置,完善晋升和绩效机制,合理安排工作、学习、生活,保障身心健康,降低职业应激发生率。

Objective Discuss the current situation and influencing factors of occupational stress of primary medical and health personnel. Method From May to August 2020, using the stratified sampling method, 1 400 primary medical and health personnel from 38 community health service centers in 7 prefecture cities of Heilongjiang Procince were selected as the survey subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the working content scale,and a total of 1 287 valid questionnaires were collected. Result It was found that occupational stress states were identified in 423 primary medical and health personnel among 1 287 subjects,and the detection rate was 32.9%. The Chi-square test showed that the occupational stress group was significantly different from the non-occupational stress group in terms of age, education, personnel category, occupation category, establishment type, and average monthly income in the occupational stress detection rate(P<0.05). Logistic regression results showed that age, personnel category, establishment type, and average monthly income are the risk factors for occupational stress of primary medical and health personnel. Conclusion The occupational stress of primary medical and health personnel is universal. It is necessary to construct a reasonable allocation of human resources, improve the promotion and performance mechanism,arrange work,study and life reasonably,keep physical and mental health,and reduce the incidence of occupational stress.