铁蛋白纳米笼分子装载途径及食品活性物质递送的研究进展

Encapsulation strategies of ferritin and its application for food bioactive compounds delivery:A review

铁蛋白(ferritin)是一种广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物中的多亚基笼形结构蛋白,具有调节体内铁代谢平衡的功能,同时可以保护细胞免受因各种环境胁迫而导致的细胞氧化损伤。近年来,随着研究的深入,铁蛋白独特的纳米笼形结构以及特殊的理化性质使其成为一种具有广泛应用前景的新型蛋白质纳米载体材料。文章对铁蛋白的分子结构和功能进行了简要阐述,介绍了铁蛋白纳米颗粒的制备方法,总结了铁蛋白装载外源性小分子的基本途径:基于可逆组装特性的分子装载途径和基于环境响应的通道"门控"特性的分子装载途径;并综述了铁蛋白作为纳米载体在食品生物活性物质应用中的最新研究进展,以期为铁蛋白纳米载体的开发及在食品领域的应用提供研究思路。

Ferritin is a multi-subunit protein nanocage that is widely distributed in many types of organisms from microbes to plants and animals.Its function mainly involves the regulation of iron metabolism,as well as cell protection from oxidative damage caused by various environmental stresses.In recent years,with a deep understanding of ferritin protein,it has been considered as a novel protein nano-carrier that can be applied in multiple disciplines due to the unique cage-like structure and specific characteristics of ferritin nanocage.Herein,the distribution,structure,function and preparation of ferritin nanocage have been introduced and followed by an overview of the molecular encapsulation strategy of ferritin nanocages,including the reversible disassembly/reassembly property mediated approach and stimulus-responsive channel-mediated approach.Finally,the applications of ferritin as a nano-carrier for food bioactive compounds encapsulation were reviewed.The purpose of this review was to provide research ideas for the preparation and development of ferritin nano-carrier and its application in food science.