我国沿海危化品运输事故分析及危险源辨识

Accident analysis and hazard identification of hazardous chemicals transportation in coastal areas of China

为了探究沿海地区危险化学品道路运输事故特征,辨识相关风险因子,以2016-2020年我国沿海地区发生的362起危险化学品运输事故为例,从事故发生的时间分布、省份分布、危险化学品类别及形态、事故类型、事故原因等多方面进行统计分析。结果表明:近5年来,我国危险化学品运输事故逐年减少。每年的5月、9月、12月,每天的清晨是事故的高发期。广东、江苏、浙江发生危险化学品事故数量较多。液态易燃类危险化学品事故数量多,爆炸类危险化学品事故数量较少但后果严重。驾驶员因素和环境因素最为关键,其中驾驶员违规操作、雨天、弯道等风险因子极易诱发运输事故。

In order to explore accident characteristics and identify relevant risk factors,this paper takes 362 hazardous chemical road transport accidents in coastal areas of China during 2016-2020 as an example.Statistical analysis is carried out from the time distribution of accidents,province distribution,category and form of hazardous chemicals,accident type,accident cause and other aspects.The results showed that:in the past five years,the transportation accidents of hazardous chemicals in China have been decreasing year by year.May,September and December of each year is the peak period of accidents.The morning of each day is the peak period of accidents.In coastal areas,Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have a larger number of hazardous chemical accidents.The number of liquid hazardous chemical accidents are high.The number of explosive hazardous chemical accidents is small but the consequences are serious.The driver and environmental factors are the most critical,among which the driver’s illegal operation,rainy days,curves can easily lead to transportation accidents.