亚洲地区黑碳气溶胶外场在线观测研究进展

Field measurements of atmospheric black carbon aerosols in Asia:A review

黑碳气溶胶是化石燃料和生物质不完全燃烧的产物之一,不仅影响着空气质量和人体健康,还通过吸收太阳辐射改变辐照平衡从而影响区域乃至全球气候。亚洲地区作为世界七大洲中人口最多、面积最广的地区,黑碳气溶胶排放量占全球排放量二分之一以上。对当前黑碳气溶胶观测所用主要仪器与方法,以及亚洲地区从上世纪九十年代至今有关黑碳气溶胶的观测结果进行了系统性总结。通过总结发现亚洲地区大气黑碳浓度分布特征与人口分布特征相一致,中国地区黑碳浓度分界线与胡焕庸线大致吻合,佐证了黑碳主要受人为活动影响的结论;并进一步分析了亚洲地区黑碳排放来源及影响因素,以及黑碳光学性质的最新研究成果;最后总结了当前研究中存在的不足,并对黑碳气溶胶未来研究方向提出了展望。

Black carbon aerosol is an important product from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass,which can not only affect air quality and human health,but also alter the radiation balance by absorbing solar radiation,thus influencing regional and global climate.As the most populous and extensive region of the world′s seven continents,Asia accounts for more than half of global emissions of black carbon.This work systematically summarizes the main measurement techniques and instruments available for atmospheric black carbon as well as the major findings in Asia since the 1990 s.The results show that the spatial distribution of black carbon concentrations in Asia is consistent with that of the population,and the boundary of the distribution of black carbon concentrations in China roughly overlaps with the Hu Huanyong line,which supports the fact that black carbon is mainly governed by anthropogenic activities.This work further shows the sources and influencing factors of black carbon in Asia,as well as its optical properties.Finally,the shortcomings of current studies and future research needs regarding black carbon are discussed.