马遗传缺陷的研究进展

The Progress of Research on Horse Genetic Defects

马遗传缺陷是指由于染色体或染色体所携带的遗传物质发生异常,导致马体形结构或生理功能出现异常的现象,目前国内外已发现200多种。随着我国马产业由传统向现代转型,体型优美、运动性能卓越或生产性能优秀马的价值不断提高,市场需求也在不断扩大。具有优秀基因的良马是马业可持续、健康发展和综合竞争力提升的基础。然而,马遗传缺陷研究和检测还没有引起关注,相关数据几乎空白,尚未建立遗传缺陷监测系统。本文主要概述了国内外马遗传缺陷的研究进展以及单基因遗传缺陷的种类,同时分析了我国马群存在遗传缺陷的可能性及其产生的影响,为我国马遗传缺陷研究与检测技术研发提供参考。

Horse genetic defect refers to the abnormal phenomenon of horse body structure or physiological function caused by mutant genomic DNA or abnormal chromosomes.At present,more than 200 horse genetic defects have been found in the globe.With the change of from traditional to modern horse industry in China,the markets of horses with beautiful body shape,excellent sports or production performance are constantly expanding.The horses with excellent genes are the foundation of the industry.However,the relative research has not been concerned with little data in this area,and horse genetic defects monitoring system is blank in China.This review described the progress of research work about horse genetic defects in the world,the main types of single-gene mutant defects,and possible existence of horse genetic defects in China.It provides reference for research about horse genetic defects and horse industry in China.