不同品种杂交羊生长性能与屠宰性能分析

Analysis of Growth Performance and Slaughter Performance of Different Breeds of Hybrid Sheep

旨在筛选最佳杂交组合,为本地肉羊的杂交改良提供科学依据。选用体格、膘情良好的2~4岁哈萨克羊作为母本,以杜泊羊、萨福克羊、湖羊(含FecB基因)为父本,采用人工授精的方法进行杂交组合,分别以杜哈F_(1)、萨哈F_(1)、湖哈F_(1)为试验组,哈萨克羊本品种繁育为对照组,在相同饲养管理条件下各组合分别选取30只羔羊,测定不同品种杂交后代的生长性能和屠宰性能。结果显示,在生长性能方面,萨哈F_(1)、杜哈F_(1)羔羊的初生重、2月龄体重、3月龄体重、5月龄体重和日增重均显著高于湖哈F_(1)和哈萨克羔羊(P<0.05),且以萨哈F_(1)羔羊的日增重最大;屠宰性能方面,体重、胴体重、屠宰率、产肉率、净肉率、臀脂重等6项指标,萨哈F_(1)、杜哈F_(1)羔羊均显著高于湖哈F_(1)和哈萨克羔羊(P<0.05),且以萨哈F_(1)羔羊最高;萨哈F_(1)与杜哈F_(1)羔羊各项指标间差异均不显著(P>0.05),但杜哈F_(1)羔羊的臀脂重最低。说明萨福克羊(♂)×哈萨克羊(♀)和杜泊羊(♂)×哈萨克羊(♀)杂交后代优势明显,育肥效果较好,是较为理想的杂交组合,适宜于本地区推广。

The aim is to study the growth performance and slaughter performance of different cross combinations,select the best cross combinations,and provide a scientific basis for the improvement of local mutton sheep hybrids.In this study,2-4 years old Kazakh sheep with good physique and condition were selected as female parents,and Dorper sheep,Suffolk sheep,Hu sheep(including FecB gene)were used as male parents for crossbreeding by artificial insemination.Duha F_(1)(Dorper sheep♂×Kazakh sheep♀),Saha F_(1)(Suffolk sheep♂×Kazakh sheep♀),Huha F_(1)(Hu sheep♂×Kazakh sheep♀)were the experimental groups,and the Kazakh sheep breed was bred as the control group.Under the same feeding and management conditions,30 lambs were selected from each combination to test the growth performance and fattening effect of the hybrid offspring of different breeds.The results showed that in terms of growth performance,the birth weight,2-month-old body weight,3-month-old body weight,5-month-old body weight and daily gain of Saha F_(1) and Duha F_(1) were significantly higher than those of Huha F_(1) and Kazakh lambs(P<0.05),and Saha F_(1) had the largest daily gain;in terms of slaughter performance,hybrid lamb weight,carcass weight,slaughter rate,meat yield,net meat rate and buttocks fat weight,Saha F_(1) and Duha F_(1) were significantly higher than Huha F_(1) and Kazakh lambs(P<0.05),and Saha F_(1) was the highest;Saha F_(1) and Duha F_(1) had no significant difference in these indicators(P>0.05),but Duha F_(1) had the lowest tail fat weight.It shows that the hybrids of Suffolk sheep(♂)×Kazakh sheep(♀)and Dorper sheep(♂)×Kazakh sheep(♀)have obvious advantages and good fattening effects.It is an ideal hybrid combination and is suitable for promotion in this region.