骡子生育的遗传学和生理学基础

The Genetic and Physiological Basis of Mule Breeding

骡子的繁殖力是一种性状,其可育性是相对的,从可育到不育在不同个体间存在广泛的多态性。这种多态性还表现在性行为、发情周期、精子和卵子的生成、胚胎发育和分娩等不同生理层次。骡子生育的遗传基础是染色体的同源性,同源性越高,可育性的机率越大。骡子可育性表现是骡子基因组在不同细胞、组织、器官和不同个体等层次上差异表达的结果。作者归纳了国内外学者对骡子生育问题的研究,并对骡子生育现象及其机理提出了一些新的认识。

The fecundity of mule is a character whose fertility is relative.There is a wide range of polymorphism from fertile to sterile in different individuals.This polymorphism is also found at different physiological levels such as sexual behavior,estrus cycle,sperm and egg production,embryo development and childbirth.The genetic basis of breeding in mules is chromosome homology.The higher the homology,the greater the probability of fertility.The expression of fertility in mules is the result of the different expression of their genomes in different cells,tissues,organs and individuals.In this paper,the author summarized the studies on the breeding of mules at home and abroad,and put forward some new understandings on the phenomenon and mechanism of mule breeding.