从算法技术看网络服务提供者的“应当知道”--也谈《民法典》第1197条的适用

The Meaning of"Should Know"for ISPs from the Perspective of Algorithm Technology:on the Application of Article 1197 of the Chinese Civil Code

利用算法技术监测涉嫌侵权信息、发送侵权通知、处置涉嫌侵权信息已成业界常态。算法实施下,《民法典》第1197条的“知道”应解释为“实际知道”“推定知道”和“视为知道”;“应当知道”应回归“应知而未知”的固有涵义,且至少应考虑网络服务提供者:以算法技术主动向用户推送内容链接或发布内容信息的,就其主动推送或发布的信息承担注意义务;知道某个侵权行为存在的,对已知作品的其他类似被侵害行为负有注意义务;对版权人事先提供的供版权过滤比对的权源性作品负有更高的注意义务。

It has become the normal to monitor infringement information,send infringement notification and dispose of infringement information in the industry.Under the implementation of the algorithm,the"knowledge"requirement in the Chinese Civil Code Article 1197 shall be interpreted as including"actual knowledge","constructive knowledge"and"deemed knowledge"."Should know"shall return to the inherent meaning of"should be known but unknown",and considering at least the ISPs:those who actively push content links or publish content information to users by algorithm technology should bear the duty of care for the information they actively push or publish;those who know the existence of an infringing activity shall be obliged to pay attention to other similar infringing activities on these known works;and they should also have a higher duty of care for the copyrighted works provided by the copyright owners in advance for copyright filtering and comparison.