先秦时空意识的自觉及其物态化建构——以观物取象、秩序感与共通感为中心

The Spatial and Temporal Consciousness and Its Construction in the Pre-Qin Period——Centered on the Observation,the Sense of Order and the Sense of Commonality

从人类学与美学观点来看,《周易》中包牺氏“观物取象”背后的“象思维”在个体的层面上,以“观”与“取”这两个饱含生命主体意识的操作步骤,推动了先秦时空意识的个体自觉;以生存为首要目的的“四时五色”意义系统以及先民们对空间实用性的追求,促进了秩序感的产生与完善,进而在群体的层面上实现了时空意识的群体自觉;以“和”为宗旨的先秦礼乐文化,借共通感实现了天地人三者的相互贯通,无意中建构了时空意识的物态化形式,此物态化形式为时空意识的审美化作了准备。

From the perspective of anthropology and aesthetics,the“thinking”behind the“object observation”of Zhouyi is at the individual level.The two operation steps of“observation”and“taking”have promoted the spatial and temporal consciousness of the individual in pre-Qin period;The meaning system of“four seasons and five colors”for the purpose of survival and the ancestors’pursuit of spatial practicability promote the generation and perfection of the sense of order,and then realize the spatial and temporal consciousness at the group level;The pre-Qin ritual and music culture with“harmony”as the purpose realize the interconnection between heaven,earth and man through a sense of commonality,and inadvertently construct the materialized form of spatial and temporal consciousness,which prepare for the aesthetization of the spatial and temporal consciousness.