独生子女更不愿劳动力转移吗?

Are Only Children More Reluctant to Labor Mobility?

独生子女的劳动力转移行为是当前中国劳动力区域配置过程中的一个独有特征。通过建立父母照护假设下的家庭效用最大化模型,合理修正传统劳动力转移理论前提,并利用CLDS2016数据库进行经验研究,试图理解独生子女因素对劳动力转移的影响及其机理。研究发现,独生子女因素对劳动力转移具有显著负效应;“双亲照护”不仅对独生子女的劳动力转移产生直接的显著负影响,而且与独生子女变量的交互项显著为负,对劳动力转移具有显著为负的中介效应。因此,对独生子女家庭及父母照护进行社会支持,不仅符合社会保障和公平标准,而且可能符合经济效率标准;政府需要加快社会保障制度改革和支持力度,提高老年机构照护和社会照护水平,缓解个体的劳动力转移成本。

Labor mobility behavior in one-child families is a unique issue within China's regional distribution of labor force.Using CLDS2016 data,based on the family utility maximization model under the assumption of caring for parents,this paper attempts to modify traditional labor transfer theory and to understand the influences and mechanisms of the one-child variable on labor mobility.“Biparental care”not only has a significant direct negative effect on the labor mobility of the one-child but also has a significant negative interaction term with the one-child variable,which has a significant negative mediating effect on the labor mobility.Therefore,social support for the care of one-child families is not only necessary for social security and equity,but also may be in line with the economic efficiency principle.It is concluded that in order to alleviate the cost of individual labor mobility,it is necessary to accelerate the reform of the social security system,promote the degree of government support,and improve the level of institutional care and social care.