考虑大陆引水的海岛地区复杂水工程群多目标优化配置研究

Research on the Multi-objective Optimal Allocation of Complex Water Engineering Groups Considering Continental Water Diversion in Island Area

考虑海岛地区大陆引水的必要性以及水工程群组合运行以完成供水过程的复杂性,提出一种新的适用于海岛地区的水资源优化配置方法。基于"分区-分级"的优化配置理念,分析海岛地区复杂系统下水力联系并进行系统概化,完成"分区",结合水厂特性进行"分级";在多水源多用户下以水厂供水保证率最大、供水成本和水厂余蓄量最小为目标函数构建优化配置模型,并采用基于组合赋权的主客观结合方法对优化得到的Pareto解集进行多属性决策以科学筛选方案,最终应用到舟山本岛。结果表明,提出的基于"分区-分级"理念的海岛地区复杂水工程群多目标优化配置模型可以提高本岛水的利用率,并将供水成本平均降低450万元/a,该优化模型可在不同来水条件实现动态调整本岛水和大陆水的供水比例,多属性决策可辅助决策者在不同场景下优选方案,为海岛地区的水资源优化配置提供科学依据,提高社会、经济等综合效益。

Considering the necessity of continental water diversion in island areas and the complexity of water supply process through water engineering groups,this paper proposes a method of optimal allocation of water resources suitable for island areas.Based on the optimal allocation concept of“zoning and grading”,this paper analyzes the hydraulic connection under the complex system of the island area and carries out the system generalization to complete the“zoning”,and then combined with the characteristics of the water plant to complete the“grading”.According to the multiple water sources and multiple users,this paper develops a multi-objective optimal allocation model with maximizing water supply guarantee rate,minimizing water supply cost and minimizing water plant residual storage capacity as objective functions and then uses the multi-attribute decision making method which combines subjective and objective weights to deal with the Pareto solution sets helping to get solutions scientifically by taking the water resource allocation of Zhoushan island as an example.Results show that the multi-objective optimal allocation model of complex water engineering group in island area based on the concept of“zoning and grading”can improve the water utilization efficiency of the island and reduce the water supply cost by 4.5 million yuan per year.The optimized model can dynamically adjust the island water and mainland water supply ratio under different water inflow conditions.Multi-attribute decision-making can assist decision-makers to optimize the scheme under different scenarios,provide a scientific basis for the optimal allocation of water resources in island areas,and improve the comprehensive benefits of society and economy.