不同滴灌水平对玉露香梨品质、质地特性及产量的影响

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Levels on Quality,Texture and Yield of Yuluxiang Pear

为促进黄土高原干旱、半干旱地区果园科学灌溉,通过设置3个滴灌处理(T1灌水上限70%、下限60%,T2灌水上限80%、下限60%,T3灌水上限90%、下限60%),以大水漫灌为对照组,调查不同灌溉水平对玉露香梨果实品质、质地特性及产量的影响,进而得出适宜的灌溉方案。结果表明:同一灌水下限、不同灌水上限对梨果实品质、质地特性及产量均有不同程度的影响,且滴灌与大水漫灌相比各项指标均有显著提高。其中各处理果实纵径的平均值大小为T3>T2>T1>CK,果实横径的平均值为T3>T2>T1>CK,果实果形指数的平均值为T3>CK>T2>T1,果实酸度的平均值为T1<T2<T3<CK,果皮穿刺强度平均值大小分别为T2>T1>T3>CK,果皮破裂距离平均值大小分别为T1>T3>CK>T2,果皮韧性平均值大小分别为T1>T3>CK>T2,产量平均值大小分别为T3>T2>CK>T1。综合分析得出,滴灌中T2处理(灌水上限80%、下限60%)最有利于玉露香梨树果实品质、质地特性及产量的提高。

In order to promote scientific irrigation of orchards in arid and semi-arid areas of loess Plateau,three drip irrigation treatments were set up(T1 upper limit 70%and lower limit 60%,T2 upper limit 80%and lower limit 60%,T3 upper limit 90%and lower limit 60%,with flood irrigation as control group).The effects of different irrigation levels on fruit quality,texture characteristics and yield of Yuluxiang pear were investigated,and the appropriate irrigation scheme was obtained.The results showed that the same lower limit of irrigation and different upper limit of irrigation had different effects on fruit quality,texture characteristics and yield of pear,and all indexes were significantly improved by drip irrigation compared with flood irrigation,the average longitudinal diameter of fruits in all treatments was T3>T2>T1>CK,the average transverse diameter of fruit was T3>T2>T1>CK,the average fruit shape index of all treatments was T3>CK>T2>T1,the mean acidity of fruit was T1<T2<T3<CK,the mean value of pericarp puncture strength of each treatment was T2>T1>T3>CK,the mean rupture distance of peel was T1>T3>CK>T2,the mean value of peel toughness was T1>T3>CK>T2,the average yield of each treatment was T3>T2>CK>T1.Comprehensive analysis showed that T2 treatment in drip irrigation(irrigation upper limit 80%,lower limit 60%)was the most beneficial to improve fruit quality,texture characteristics and yield of Yuluxiang pear tree.