山西中部旱地梨园草本植物多样性特征研究

Study on characters herb diversity of dryland pear orchards in central Shanxi

以晋中市梨园为例,初步调查了山西省中部旱地梨园的草本植物物种,共发现草本植物62种,其中菊科种类最多(12种)。通过调查,梨园优势草本植物有皱叶酸模、斑种草、活血丹、荠菜、反枝苋和青杞等6种。物种多样性特征表现为:8月草本植物物种数量最多;均匀度(Pielou)指数表现为7月最高;香农(ShannonWiener)指数和辛普森(Simpson)指数随月份变化趋势基本一致,均以6月最高。通过分析优势物种间的相关性及生态位重叠指数,斑种草、活血丹、荠菜等均适合作为当地旱作果园自然生草的适宜草种。

Taking Jinzhong pear orchard as an example, the species of herbaceous plants in dryland pear orchards in central Shanxi were preliminarily investigated, and 62 species of herbaceous plants were found, among which Compositae were the most(12 species). According to the investigation, there are 6 kinds of dominant herbaceous plant in the pear orchand, such as Rumex crispus, Bothriospermum chinense, Glechoma longituba, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Amaranthus retrofexus and Solanum septemlobum. The characteristics of species diversity were as follows, the number of herb species was the largest in August;the Pielou index was highest in July;the variation trends of Shannon-Wiener index and Simpon index with months were basically the same, which were the highest in June. By analyzing the correlation and niche overlap index between dominant species, Bothriospermum chinense, Capsella bursa-pastoris and Glechoma longituba are suitable for local dryland orchard.