时空体理论新探:以分类的未完成性为重心

A New Probe Into the Theory of Chronotope:Focusing on the Unfinishedness of Classification

巴赫金的时空体理论借助“时空体”这一概念与媒介从欧洲历代不同体裁小说中提炼各具特色的时空特征,旨在还原文学形象中蕴含的历史现实。在《小说的时间形式和时空体形式》中,巴赫金从时空交融的角度提出多种时空体类型,但他在正文与结束语前后两个阶段的论述存在断裂。时空体体系建构在概念、范围、应用、分类等多方面存在未完成性与可接续性,突出表现在分类上。许多时空体类别有待进一步挖掘。《鲁滨逊漂流记》中存在的“荒岛时空体”作为一种新的时空体类别存在于许多作品中,或是一个新探索。

Bakhtin's theory of Chronotope draws on the concept and medium of“Chronotope”to extract unique characteristics of time and space from different genres of European novels,aiming to restore the historical reality contained in the literary images.In“Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel”,Bakhtin proposes a variety of Chronotope types from the perspective of time-space integration,but there are breaks among the former and latter stages in the text and the conclusion.The construction of the Chronotope system is unfinished and continuable in many aspects such as concept,scope,application and classification,and is prominently manifested in the classification.Many types of Chronotopes should be further explored.“Island Chronotope”in Robinson Crusoe as a new type of Chronotope exists in many works and it may be a new exploration.