乌鲁木齐市宠物猫源大肠杆菌耐药性及耐药基因检测

Detection of drug resistance and resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolated from pet cats in Urumqi

为了解宠物猫源大肠杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性及其耐药基因携带情况,在乌鲁木齐市多家宠物医院采集宠物猫肛拭子样品59份进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,通过琼脂稀释法测定10种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,利用PCR方法检测13种耐药基因。结果:分离鉴定出大肠杆菌47株,分离率79.7%(47/59)。分离菌对四环素(TET)(83.0%)、阿莫西林-克拉维酸(A/C)(66.0%)和磺胺异噁唑(FIS)(66.0%)耐药情况严重;对头孢他啶(TAZ)、头孢曲松(CRO)、恩诺沙星(EN)、庆大霉素(GEN)耐药率在38.3%~48.9%;对环丙沙星(CIP)、阿米卡星(AMK)敏感性较好,未检出亚胺培南耐药菌株。菌株多药耐药分布在5~8耐,占比59.6%,耐药表型以1耐TET和6耐A/C+GEN+CRO+TAZ+TET+FIS为主。共检出ant(3″)-Ia、aac(6′)-Ib、bla_(TEM)、bla_(CTX-M)、qnrS、tetA、tetB、tetM、sulⅠ、sulⅡ10种耐药基因,检出率分布在8.5%~57.4%,未检出耐药基因oqxB、bla_(NDM)、bla_(VIM),存在多种耐药基因共存现象。研究表明,乌鲁木齐市宠物猫源大肠杆菌耐药严重,且携带多种耐药基因。临床应根据细菌耐药性结果进行合理用药,并持续加强对宠物猫源大肠杆菌耐药性监测。

To investigate the resistance of Escherichia coli from pet cats in the Urumqi area to commonly used clinical antibacterial drugs and the carrying status of their resistance genes,a total of 59 anal swab samples were collected from pet cats at several pet hospitals in Urumqi to isolate and identify E.coli.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 10 antimicrobial drugs were determined by agar dilution,and 13 drug resistance genes were detected by PCR.The result was the isolation and identification of 47 strains of E.coli,at an isolation rate of 79.7%(47/59).The isolates were severely resistant to tetracycline(83.0%),amoxicillin-clavulanic acid(66.0%)and sulfisoxazole(66.0%);the resistance rates to ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,enrofloxacin and gentamicin ranged from 38.3%to 48.9%;and the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and amikacin was good,but no imipenem-resistant strains were detected.The multidrug resistance distribution of the strains ranged from 5 to 8 drugs resistance,accounting for 59.6%of the total,and the resistance phenotypes were mainly 1-drug resistance to TET and 6 drug-resistance to A/C+GEN+CRO+TAZ+TET+FIS.A total of 10 drug-resistant genes,including ant(3″)-Ia,aac(6′)-Ib,bla_(TEM),bla_(CTX-M),qnrS,tetA,tetB,tetM,sulⅠand sulⅡwere detected,with detection rates ranging from 8.5%to 57.4%.The drug-resistant genes oqxB,bla_(NDM)and bla_(VIM)were not detected,and there was coexistence of multiple drug-resistant genes.It was suggested that pet cat-derived E.coli in Urumqi was seriously drug resistant and it carried multiple drug resistance genes at the same time.The clinical use of drugs should be rationalized according to the bacterial resistance results and the monitoring of drug resistance in pet cat-derived E.colishould be consistently strengthened.