两种饲养模式对伴侣猫肠道菌群的影响

Effects of two rearing patterns on the intestinal microflora in companion cats

在繁育场和家庭两种饲养模式下,利用高通量测序技术,比较伴侣猫肠道菌群多样性及结构的差异,以期探索饲养模式对猫肠道菌群的影响规律,为优化繁育场饲养管理提供参考指标。选择品种和年龄范围相近的17只繁育场饲养健康伴侣猫和14只家庭饲养健康伴侣猫,分别采集一次新鲜的猫粪便样本,进行16S rRNA肠道菌群的检测。结果显示:在门水平上,繁育场饲养组(3.44%)变形菌门显著高于家庭饲养组(1.15%)(P<0.01),家庭饲养组(8.32%)放线菌门相对丰度显著高于繁育场饲养组(2.85%)(P<0.01);在科水平上,繁育场饲养组乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)、琥珀酸弧菌科(Succinivibrionaceae)、链球菌科(Streptococcaceae)和产碱菌科(Alcaligenaceae)相对丰度显著高于家庭饲养组(P<0.05),家庭饲养组红蝽菌科(Coriobacteriaceae)、双歧杆菌科(Bifidobacteriaceae)和肠球菌科(Enterococcaceae)相对丰度显著高于繁育场饲养组(P<0.05);在属水平上,繁育场饲养组Alloprevotella、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、琥珀酸弧菌属(Succinivibrio)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、厌氧螺菌属(Anaerobiospirillum)、粪球菌属-3(Coprococcus;)、埃希菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia;higella)和Butyricicoccus相对丰度显著高于家庭饲养组(P<0.01),家庭饲养组柯林斯菌属(Collinsella)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、Subdoligranulum和Turicibacter相对丰度显著高于繁育场饲养组(P<0.05)。结果表明,不同饲养模式对伴侣猫肠道菌群有一定的影响,繁育场饲养猫肠道菌群多样性比家庭饲养猫更丰富,某些兼性厌氧菌(肠杆菌科和链球菌科)相对丰度高于家庭饲养猫;而在家庭饲养猫肠道菌群中,部分专性厌氧菌(双歧杆菌科)相对丰度高于繁育场饲养猫。

In order to explore the effects of different rearing patterns on the intestinal microflora in companion cats,this study compared the differences in the diversity and structure of intestinal microflora in companion cats under the patterns of farm breeding and family rearing through high-throughput sequencing technology,hopefully to provide a reference index for optimizing feeding management on the breeding farm.17 healthy companion cats were obtained from a breeding farm and 14 from families;all of the cats were of similar breeds and ages.Fresh fecal samples were collected once from the animals for 16 S rR NA intestinal microflora detection.The results showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the breeding farm group(3.44%)was significantly higher than that in the family rearing group(1.15%)(P<0.01),and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the family rearing group(8.32%)was significantly higher than that in the breeding farm group(2.85%)(P<0.01).At the level of the family,the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Sucinivibrionaceae,Streptococcaceae and Alcaligenaceae in the breeding farm group was significantly higher than that in the family rearing group(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Coriobacteriaceae,Bifidobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae in the family rearing group was significantly higher than that in the breeding farm group(P<0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Alloprevotella,Lactobacillus,Succinivibrio,Streptococcus,Anaerobiospirillum,Coprococcus_3,Escherichia_Shigella and Butyricicoccus in the breeding farm group was significantly higher than that in the family rearing group(P<0.01),and the relative abundance of Collinsella,Bifidobacterium,Subdoligranulum and Turicibacter in the family rearing group was significantly higher than that in the breeding farm group(P<0.05).These results indicated that different rearing patterns had a certain effect on the intestinal flora in companion cats.The diversity of intestinal microflora in the companion cats in the breeding farm group was more abundant than that in the family rearing group.The relative abundance of facultative anaerobes(Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcaceae)in the samples of the breeding farm group was higher than that in the family rearing group,and the relative abundance of obligate anaerobe(Bifidobacteriaceae)in the samples of the family rearing group was higher than that in the breeding farm group.