猪体外受精技术研究进展

Progress in research on in vitro fertilization of pigs

猪体外受精是动物胚胎工程中的关键辅助生殖技术,利用屠宰场卵巢卵子资源,可实现优质胚胎规模化体外生产。结合胚胎移植和基因编辑技术,可生产出试管猪和基因编辑猪,科研和产业前景巨大。然而,与其他物种相比,猪体外受精技术方案还不完善,胚胎发育效率和质量仍旧低下,尤其是卵子多精子受精问题仍然没有得到解决。本文总结了卵母细胞成熟、精子处理、精子获能、体外受精方式、受精液等体外受精技术关键环节,为猪体外受精技术进一步完善和应用提供基础。

In vitro fertilization(IVF)of pigs is a key assistive reproductive technology of animal embryo engineering.Using the ovarian oocyte resources from the slaughterhouse,high-quality embryos can be produced in vitro on a large scale.By combination of embryo transfer and gene editing technology,test-tube and genetically modified pigs are produced,which has a great prospect in scientific research and in pig-breeding industry.However,compared with other livestock species,the procedures of IVF of pigs is still imperfect,and the d efficiency and quality of porcine embryos development are still low.In particular,the problem of polyspermy has not been solved.This paper reviews research results on the key links of the IVF technology,such as oocyte maturation,sperm treatment,sperm capacitation,in vitro fertilization and fertilization medium,etc.,and hopefully provides a basis for further improvement and application of the technology of in vitro porcine fertilization.