光子轨道角动量量子态传输研究进展

Recent advances in transmission of photonic orbital angular momentum quantum state

携带轨道角动量(OAM)的光束理论上拥有无限个相互正交的本征态,因此可以作为独立信息传输光束促进大容量经典光通信的发展。在量子信息领域,近年来高维量子系统因为有更大的信道容量和更强的抗噪声能力引起了研究人员的极大兴趣,而光子OAM出色的维度拓展能力使其成为实现高维量子系统的重要手段。综述了光子OAM传输的研究进展,重点介绍和分析了自由空间、光纤以及水下等多种传输方式下OAM量子叠加态和纠缠态分发工作,并对实际应用中面临的问题和潜在的解决方案进行了阐述,可为相关领域研究者提供参考。

As an alternative of information carrier,orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes enable us to promote the development of high-capacity classical optical communication because there are an infinite number of orthogonal eigenstates in OAM beam in theory.In addition,high-dimensional quantum systems have attracted much interest of many scientists in recent years because of their higher channel capacity and more robust noise resistance.The OAM’s excellent dimension scalability makes it an important role in realization of high-dimensional systems.Recent research advances in photon OAM states transmission are reviewed,with main focus on the distribution of quantum superposition and entangled states in various transmission ways such as free space,fiber and underwater.And intractable problems in its practical use as well as several approaches to mitigating these conundrums are also elaborated,which can provide reference for relevant researchers.