民间元素与延安文艺大众化

Folk Elements and the Popularization of Yan’an Literature and Art

对民间元素的重视和吸收是延安文艺大众化的特色所在,具体表现在三个方面。其一,就文艺导向看,《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》发表前,延安文艺界意识到民间元素对文艺大众化的重要性,但没有突出这一点,有时还消解了大众化与民间元素的内在关系;讲话发表后,延安文艺界形成了文艺大众化离不开民间元素的共识。其二,就创作主体看,知识分子在改造和自我改造中逐渐突显民间化特征,文艺大众化由此深入民间;通过民间艺人组织化,大众化文艺充分吸收民间元素。其三,就大众化实践看,艺术活动、艺术内容和艺术形式都具有了一种民间化取向。

The importance and absorption of folk elements are the characteristics of the popularization of Yan’an literature and art.It is manifested in three aspects.Firstly,in terms of literary and artistic orientation,after the Speech at the Forum of Art and Literature in Yan’an,there was a consensus that the popularization of literature and art could not be separated from folk elements.Second,intellectuals had become popular among the natives and the popularization of literature and art penetrate into the people through the transformation and self-transformation of intellectuals.Through the organization of folk artists,popular literature and arts had fully absorbed folk elements.Third,from the perspective of popularization practice,artistic activities,artistic content and art forms all began to have a folkloric orientation.