植物生长调节剂在土壤中的环境行为综述

Environmental Behaviors of Plant Growth Regulators in Soil: A Review

为保障粮食生产安全,植物生长调节剂在全球农业生产中发挥的作用越来越重要,近10年全球销售额的平均增长率高达14%以上.一直以来,大多数植物生长调节剂一直都被认为是低毒或者微毒农药,而近期研究发现很多植物生长调节剂及其在环境中的降解中间产物对人体或生物安全都存在直接或潜在威胁.作为植物生长调节剂进入食物链的关键环节,植物生长调节剂在土壤中的环境行为影响着其对环境安全的风险,研究植物生长调节剂在土壤中的环境行为对探索此类物质的环境归趋及安全都具有重要意义.系统地调研了植物生长调节剂在土壤中的吸附、解吸、水解、光解和微生物降解等环境行为,分析了其影响因素,并对未来关于植物生长调节剂环境行为研究的方向及重点提出了展望.

At present, plant growth regulators play an increasingly important role in global agricultural production. The average growth rate of global sales of plant growth regulators has been above 14% in the past decade. For many years, most plant growth regulators have been considered low-toxicity or slight-toxicity pesticides. However, recent studies have found that many plant growth regulators and their degradation products in the environment are potentially harmful to humans, animals, and plants. As the key factors to control the entering of plant growth regulators into the environment, the environmental behaviors of plant growth regulators in soil could make a significant influence on the risk of plant growth regulators to environmental safety. Therefore, it is critical to investigate the environmental behaviors of plant growth regulators in soil. This study systematically summarizes the environmental behaviors of plant growth regulators in soil from recent research, including the adsorption, desorption, hydrolysis, photolysis, and microbial degradation. Additionally, the factors affecting the environmental behaviors of plant growth regulators in the soil are discussed in detail. Moreover, the future research focus and direction to plant growth regulators are suggested.