塔里木河流域东部降水稳定同位素特征与水汽来源

Stable Isotopes of Precipitation in the Eastern Tarim River Basin and Water Vapor Sources

大气降水中氢氧稳定同位素比率(δ^(18)O和δ^(2)H)的定位监测有助于理解水体相变、混合和输送的过程,南疆塔里木河流域东部气候干旱,水资源是影响可持续发展的关键资源,然而目前对其大气降水中氢氧稳定同位素的认识仍十分有限.基于塔里木河流域东部4个采样点2019年6月~2020年9月采集的103个降水样品,分析了大气降水中氢氧稳定同位素的时空特征,探讨了氢氧稳定同位素与水汽来源的联系,从而为环境同位素示踪技术在干旱区的应用提供参考.结果表明:①塔里木河流域东部4个采样点降水中氢氧稳定同位素值整体呈现南高北低的趋势,在季节变化上表现为夏高冬低的特点.氘盈余比全国平均值小,局地大气水线斜率呈现出显著的干旱气候特征.②研究区内大气降水中氢氧稳定同位素值与气温呈现正相关关系,而氘盈余与气温表现出较弱的负相关关系.δ^(18)O与相对湿度负相关,氘盈余则与之呈正相关关系.③后向轨迹表明,塔里木河流域东部主要受到西方路径控制,中短距离传输路径比例较大.利用浓度权重轨迹法得到,距离降水采样点越远的气团中的氘盈余越趋于一个稳定状态,离采样点越近则浓度变化越频繁,说明氘盈余在研究区内受局地水汽再循环影响较大.

The in-situ monitoring of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes(δ^(18)O and δ^(2)H) in precipitation is helpful to understand the processes of water phase change, mixing, and transportation. Due to the arid climate in the eastern Tarim River basin, water resources are the key factor affecting the regional sustainable development. However, the understanding of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation is still limited for this region. Based on the isotope data of 103 precipitation samples collected at four stations in the eastern Tarim River basin from June 2019 to September 2020, the spatial and temporal characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation were analyzed, and the connections between stable isotopes and moisture sources were discussed. The findings provide a reference for the application of environmental isotope tracers in arid areas. The results show that,① the four sampling stations generally presented an increasing trend in precipitation stable isotopic values from north to south, and the isotopic values were higher in summer and lower in winter. The d-excess value in the study region was smaller than the national average, and the slope of the local meteoric water line exhibited a significant arid characteristic.②There was a positive correlation between precipitation stable isotopes and air temperature in the study region, whereas a weak negative relationship was seen between d-excess and air temperature. The negative correlation occurred between δ^(18)O and relative humidity, and the d-excess value exhibited a positive correlation with relative humidity.③The backward trajectory showed that the eastern Tarim River basin is mainly controlled by the westerlies paths. The proportion of air mass that comes from the middle and short distance is relatively large. The concentration weighted trajectory method showed that the farther from the precipitation sampling site, the more stable the d-excess value was. The closer to the sampling site, the more frequently the concentration changed, indicating that the d-excess value was greatly affected by the local water vapor recycling.