摘要
农产品是重金属经土壤-作物系统危害人体健康的直接途径,其质量安全是我国粮食安全体系的重要组成部分.针对目前农田重金属分区研究对农产品考虑的不足,以农产品重金属累积特征及其导致的人体健康风险为指标,构建了基于农产品视角的农田重金属风险分区体系,同时以黑土地中重金属污染风险更高的城郊地带为研究区进行实例探讨.结果表明,农产品综合质量指数(IICQ_(AP))为1.09,整体呈重金属微弱累积状态且以Pb和Ni这两种元素的积累为主;人体健康风险高危指数(Q_(HI))为0.61,即无风险;分区结果显示,研究区目前仅有无风险安全耕种区(89.45%)和少量低风险预警监控区(10.55%),建议分别对应采取优先保护和预警监控的策略,并从干预重金属向农产品方向富集、种植结构调整和适当进行原位钝化修复等手段对该区提出了具有实际参考价值的管控措施.本研究结果对于丰富农田重金属分区防治的内涵、加强黑土区农产品质量安全管理水平和制定黑土地城乡差别化农田分区防治策略等具有可探索的现实意义.
Agricultural products are a primary pathway for humans to accumulate heavy metals(HMs) via the soil-crop system and should therefore should be included as a crucial part of the food security in our country. Given that previous studies on protection zoning for preventing farmland HM pollution rarely considered agricultural products as a basic element, this study attempted to establish a zoning system for farmland HM prevention, which was based on the perspective of agricultural product pollution. We subsequently took a representative peri-urban area in the black soil region, which was provided with a higher risk of being polluted, as an empirical case. The results indicated that:(1) the comprehensive quality index of agricultural products(IICQ_(AP)) was 1.09, illustrating only a mild HM pollution, with Pb and Ni having the highest accumulation levels;(2) the human health risk index(Q_(HI)) was 0.61, showing no risk for human health;and(3) the designed zoning method revealed 89.45% of the farmlands to be risk-free at the moment and 10.55% of the farmlands to be under low risk of HM pollution in agricultural products. According to the zoning results, we suggested prioritized protection and an early-warning strategy, respectively, and further recommended prevention methods such as accumulation intervention, crop restructuring, and in-situ passivation. The results served to enrich the theoretical basis for preventing farmland HM pollution, to reinforce the management standards for agricultural products in the black soil region, and also to build a differentiated urban-rural farmland protection system.
作者
吴松泽
王冬艳
李文博
王兴佳
闫卓冉
WU Song-ze;WANG Dong-yan;LI Wen-bo;WANG Xing-jia;YAN Zhuo-ran(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期454-462,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42071255,42001223)
吉林省自然科学基金项目(20170101076JC)。
关键词
城郊耕地
黑土区
重金属
农田重金属风险分区
农产品
peri-urban farmland
black soil area
heavy metals
risk zoning of heavy metals in farmland
agricultural products