抗战漫画中的女性形象建构

Construction of Womens Images in Comics with the Theme of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

中国近代抗战漫画主要建构了三个类别的女性形象。第一类是作为战争受难者的女性形象,抗战漫画借此刻画了民族主义对女性身体的想象,实现了女性形象与家国命运的同构;第二类是作为战斗一员的女性形象,通过对女性生理特征的淡化或凸显,反映出女性在战斗中所承担角色的特殊性;第三类是作为抗战支援者的女性形象,抗战漫画利用男性主导的民族国家话语,完成了这类女性形象的塑造。上述女性形象的建构,是抗战漫画为抗战宣传和动员而采取的主要策略之一,既反映出抗战时期女性的真实境遇,又激发了民众的民族意识与抗战热情。

In comics with the theme of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression("Kangzhan comics"), there were mainly three categories of women. The first type was women as victims of the war, which were presented in these Kangzhan comics to depict the nationalistic imagination of the female body and fulfilled the isomorphism between the female image and national destiny. The second type was women depicted as frontline combat soldiers, by which women’s physiological characters were either downplayed or highlighted to reflect the peculiarity of their roles in battles;the third type was women as supporters of the war, whose images were shaped through the national state discourse dominated by men. The construction of women’s images stated above was one of the main strategies that Kangzhan comics utilized for the purpose of war propaganda and mobilization,which had not only reflected the real circumstances faced by women during the Kangzhan period but also inspired the national awareness of the public and their enthusiasm in the resistance to Japanese aggression.