城市群一体化水平的测度及其经济增长效应研究——来自中国十大城市群的经验证据

A Study on the Measurement of Integration Level of Urban Agglomerations and Their Economic Growth Effects:An Empirical Evidence from Ten Major Urban Agglomerations in China

城市群能否通过一体化水平的提升,为群内城市经济增长提供正的外部性,关系到城市群能否成为支撑全国经济增长和促进区域协调发展的重要平台。本文基于商品市场、劳动力市场和产业结构三个维度,对2009—2019年中国10个城市群164个地级及以上城市融入所在城市群的一体化水平进行了定量测度,并对其经济绩效进行了实证检验,研究发现,商品市场和产业结构一体化水平对城市经济增长具有显著的正影响,而劳动力市场一体化水平影响呈现先下降后上升的U型非线性影响;进一步的异质性检验表明,三个维度的一体化水平对城市经济增长的影响存在区域差异;利用空间误差模型的稳健性检验支持了基准回归结果。从政策层面来看,城市提升融入城市群商品市场、劳动力市场和产业结构的一体化水平,对于改善经济绩效具有重要作用。

Whether the urban agglomeration can provide positive externalities for the economic growth of the cities in the agglomeration through the improvement of the integration level is related to whether the urban agglomeration can become an important platform to support the national economic growth and promote the coordinated development of the region.Based on the three dimensions of commodity market,labor market,and industrial structure,this paper quantitatively measures the integration level of 164 prefecture-level and above cities in 10 urban agglomerations in China from 2009 to 2019 and conducts a quantitative measurement of their economic performance.Based on empirical tests,the study finds that the level of integration of commodity markets and industrial structures has a significant positive impact on urban economic growth,while the level of labor market integration has a U-shaped nonlinear impact that first declines and then rises;further tests of heterogeneity show that there are regional differences in the impact of the three dimensions of integration levels on urban economic growth;the robustness test using the spatial error model supports the benchmark regression results.From a policy perspective,improving the integration level of cities into the commodity market,labor market,and industrial structure of urban agglomerations plays an important role in improving economic performance.