轴承试验机磁性离合机构磁力装置的设计分析

Design and Analysis of the Magnetic Force Device of the Magnetic Clutch Mechanism of the Bearing Testing Machine

磁性离合机构可以通过磁力装置产生的磁力间接地将加载机构所产生的轴向力施加在试验轴承上,而磁力装置产生的磁力大小取决于永磁体的布置方式,永磁体的布置方式又会影响试验轴承处的磁场。针对磁性离合机构磁力装置中永磁体的两种布置方式,分别建立等效磁路模型,对这两种布置方式下磁力装置所产生的磁力进行理论计算;利用推拉力测力计测量磁力装置产生的磁力,并应用Ansoft Maxwell电磁分析软件分析这两种布置方式下磁力装置所产生的磁力以及试验轴承处的磁感应强度。结果表明:相比永磁体单个布置时,当永磁体成对布置时磁力装置所产生的磁力提高约150%,试验轴承处的磁感应强度最大值降低约50%;磁力装置中永磁体成对且磁极相反布置时永磁体对试验轴承处的磁场影响最小。

The magnetic clutch mechanism can indirectly apply the axial force generated by the loading mechanism to the test bearing through the magnetic force generated by the magnetic device.The magnetic force generated by the magnetic device depends on the arrangement of the permanent magnets, and the arrangement of the permanent magnets will affect the magnetic field at the test bearing.For the two arrangements of permanent magnets in the magnetic device of the magnetic clutch mechanism, equivalent magnetic circuit models were established respectively, and the magnetic forces generated by the magnetic device under these two arrangements were theoretically calculated;the forces generated by the magnetic device were measured by using a push-pull force dynamometer, and the Ansoft Maxwell electromagnetic analysis software was used to analyze the magnetic force generated by the magnetic device in these two arrangements and the magnetic induction intensity at the test bearing.The results show that compared with the single arrangement of permanent magnets, when the permanent magnets are arranged in pairs, the magnetic force generated by the magnetic device is increased by about 150%,and the maximum magnetic induction intensity at the test bearing is reduced by about 50%;when the permanent magnets in the magnetic device are in pairs and the magnetic poles are oppositely arranged, the permanent magnets have the least influence on the magnetic field at the test bearing.