养心殿正殿外檐窗罩海墁彩画年代考证及其工艺特征

On The Ages and Crafts of the Haiman-Patterned Window Shelter of the Main Hall External of Yangxin Palace Complex

故宫博物院养心殿正殿保留了明代嘉靖年间至清代末期多种类型的彩画遗迹,其中正殿东暖阁后檐东西明瓦窗罩和梅坞西窗罩绘制了海墁彩画,与整体区域的和玺彩画、旋子彩画风格迥异。作者通过实地勘察、科学检测分析并结合历史文献,考证了养心殿正殿外檐窗罩海墁彩画遗存的工艺和材料特征及其确切年代,揭示了彩画所折射出的皇帝、太后的审美喜好。

There is a variety of painted structural remains including the Ming Jiajing(嘉靖)to the late Qing dynasty items in Yangxin Palace complex of the Forbidden City,one of which is the type of Haiman-patterned window shelter fixed to the rear eaves of the eastern warm-room of the central hall.The‘Haiman motif’is in style distinguished from‘Hexi motif’and‘Xuanzi motif’both as the major patterns in this area.The analysis based on the combination of historical documents,field survey and scientific test covers the features of the crafts and materials for the window shelters and periodizes them by age,which then approaches to the aesthetics of the emperor and empress dowager.