明清吉安客家分布及其特征

The Distribution and Characteristics of Ji'an Hakka in Ming and Qing Dynasties

客家主要分布于赣闽粤客家大本营的同时,作为毗邻赣南的吉安也同样存在大量客家人,然而学术界对于吉安客家研究却较少,因此在搜集整理大量数据的基础上制成多份图表来分析明清时期吉安客家的分布及其特征。其中吉安客家的迁入时间为明清,清朝则为顶峰;迁入地点以吉安东南部、南部、西南部为主,具有开基村和分迁村两种类型。因吉安的地理位置优越、山区众多,以及移民的同乡情节,从而具有山区性、边界性、聚居性的特征。

Hakkas are mainly distributed in the base camp of Hakkas in Jiangxi,Fujian and Guangdong.At the same time,there are also a large number of Hakkas in Ji'an,which is adjacent to southern Jiangxi.However,there are few researches on Ji'an Hakkas in academic circles.Therefore,on the basis of collecting and sorting out a large number of data,this paper makes a number of charts to analyze the distribution and characteristics of Ji'an Hakka in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Among them,the migration time of Ji'an Hakka is Ming and Qing Dynasty,and the peak is Qing Dynasty.The resettlement places are mainly in the southeast,south and southwest of Ji'an,and there are two types of villages,namely,open base villages and separate resettlement villages.Because of the geographical location of Ji'an,numerous mountainous areas,as well as the plot of immigrants,so as to have the characteristics of mountain area,border,settlement.