改性生物填料载体强化厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮研究

Performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor strengthened by modified carriers

以上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)为研究对象,主要探究2种改性生物填料载体对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能的影响,并以电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、脱氢酶活性检测及菌群结构分析等微观方面解析影响脱氮性能差异的原因。结果表明:活性炭聚氨酯及改性聚乙烯塑料填料2种生物填料载体的投加均能在一定程度上提高厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮性能,当反应器容积负荷提升至1.37 kg/(m^(3)·d),其总氮去除率仍分别有76.41%及82.89%,而未添加改性生物填料的反应器总氮去除率仅剩70.26%。结合SEM分析及高通量测序结果可知:投加2种改性生物填料载体的反应器对厌氧氨氧化菌均具有良好的富集效果,并且投加改性聚乙烯塑料填料的反应器对厌氧氨氧化菌的吸附效果更为明显;2个投加改性生物填料载体的UASB反应器底泥的脱氢酶活性均高于对照组,而改性聚乙烯塑料填料表面生物膜的脱氢酶活性高于活性炭聚氨酯,从而导致3个厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮性能有所不同。总体而言,无论是在对反应器脱氮性能的提高方面还是对厌氧氨氧化菌的富集方面,改性的聚乙烯塑料填料的效果明显较好。

We explored the effects of two modified carriers on the performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation(anammox) reactor, taking the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB) as the research object, and analyzed the reasons for the differences of the reactor performance were analyzed from the microscopic aspects by some molecular biological techniques such as scanning electron microscope(SEM),dehydrogenase activity and high-throughput sequencing.Results show that not only activated carbon polyurethane but also modified polyethylene plastic improved the performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor.When the nitrogen loading rate reached 1.37 kg/(m^(3)· d),the total nitrogen removal rate of those two reactors still had 76.41% and 82.89% respectively, but the control reactor only has 70.26%.Moreover, as shown by combining with the results of SEM and high-throughput sequencing, the reactor with two modified carriers had a good enrichment effect on the anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria, and the enrichment efficiency of the modified polyethylene plastic was better.The dehydrogenase activity of the sludge of the two UASB reactors with modified carriers was higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile the dehydrogenase activity of the surface biofilm of the modified polyethylene plastic was higher than that of activated carbon polyurethane, resulting in different performance of three anammox reactors.In general, the modified polyethylene plastic filler has a better effect on improving the performance of the reactor but also enriching in anammox bacteria.